Difference between revisions of "Economic impact of security threats"

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== Groups of economic impact of security threats==
  
== Groups of economic impact of security threats==
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It is important to realise for urban planners that crime and terrorism do not only lead to direct material and immaterial costs (such as loss of property, medical and health case costs, victim support, etc.), but also to costs in response to crime (e.g. police, prosecution, court proceedings) and costs in anticipation of crime (security, insurance)<ref>The costs in anticipation of, as a consequence of, and in respeonse to crime are all [[Primary economic impact|primary economic effects]]. On top of that, crime and terorism also generate less tangible costs that are not easy to be identified, but can be of major importance for the local economy (the so called [[Secondary economic impact|secondary economic effects]]). This will be further explained on the specific pages (see above).
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According to Krugman (2004)<ref name="ftn13"> Krugman, P. (2004). ''The Nexus of Terrorism & WMDs: Developing a Consensus''. Princeton University.</ref> (a Nobel Prize-winning economist), the economic impact of terrorism is similar to the economic impact of crime, and can be divided into three groups:
  
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# The [[Primary economic impact|direct economic impact]] performed by criminal and terrorist acts on the urban object/environment (buildings and infrastructure destroyed, productive lives ended).
  
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# The [[Secondary economic impact|indirect economic impact]] such as effects on tourism, investments, consumption, trade, etc.).
  
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# Budget effects of preventive security measures against crime and terrorism, such as money spent on national defense, airport security, and the police, in an attempt to prevent or forestall future criminal and terrorist events. This type of effect can be both a direct and indirect economic effect.
  
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It is important to realise for urban planners that crime and terrorism do not only lead to direct physical costs and preventive measures, but also generate less tangible costs that are not easily or precisely identified, but can be of major importance for the local economy. This will be further explained on the specific pages (see above).
  
   
 
==Related subjects==
  
==Related subjects==

Revision as of 15:26, 6 December 2012

Economic impact of security threats

Crime and terrorism are a major part of every European society. The types of costs and economic effects of crime and terrorism are widely varried and will be referred to as economic impact of security threats.

Description

  • The costs and effects of crime touch just about everyone to some degree. The ultimate cost of crime is the loss of life, but other major costs to victims of crime include medical costs, property losses, and loss of income.
  • After a big terrorist event, one can read frequently about the economic damage of the event on the local economy such as after the London Bombings in 2005 or the September 11 attacks in New York. Due to the significant costs and effects of terrorism, knowledge about this theme is of major relevance for any urban planner.

Put differently, the economic impact of security threats (crime & terrorism) can be significant and explains why economists and related scholars increasingly analyzed the economic impact of crime and terrorism.

Groups of economic impact of security threats

It is important to realise for urban planners that crime and terrorism do not only lead to direct material and immaterial costs (such as loss of property, medical and health case costs, victim support, etc.), but also to costs in response to crime (e.g. police, prosecution, court proceedings) and costs in anticipation of crime (security, insurance)<ref>The costs in anticipation of, as a consequence of, and in respeonse to crime are all primary economic effects. On top of that, crime and terorism also generate less tangible costs that are not easy to be identified, but can be of major importance for the local economy (the so called secondary economic effects). This will be further explained on the specific pages (see above).

Related subjects

The economic impact of security threats are closely related to:

Footnotes and references

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