Difference between revisions of "Environmental design"

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==Approaches how to address it==
==Approaches how to address it==
*Get familiar with environmental design planning principles
*Get familiar with environmental design planning principles;
*Get familiar with general design aspects and structural/material aspects
*Get familiar with general design aspects and structural/material aspects;
*Consider [[designing out]] principles (e.g. HM Government: URL: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/counter-terrorism/crowded-places/design-tech-issues?view=Binary [ 2012-05-23])
*Consider [[designing out]] principles (e.g. HM Government: URL: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/counter-terrorism/crowded-places/design-tech-issues?view=Binary [ 2012-05-23]);
*Get familiar with initiatives facilitating environmental design (e.g. International CPTED Association: URL: http://www.cpted.net/ [2012-10-04]]
*Get familiar with initiatives facilitating environmental design (e.g. International CPTED Association: URL: http://www.cpted.net/ [2012-10-04]];
* ntegrate considerations on response and emergency measures in the planning process
* Integrate considerations on response and emergency measures in the planning process;
⚫
* Integrate citizens through communication and participation methods.


Environmental design addressing counter-terrorism
Structural environmental design planning principles, according to [http://www.CPTED.net%20Crime%20Prevention%20Through%20Environmental%20Design CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design)],are:


*Access control;
⚫
*Stand off distances, to keep people and bomber vehicles away from targets;
⚫
*Laminated glass;
⚫
*Framed structures;
⚫
*Bombshelter areas etc.





Initiatives such as ''"[http://www.CPTED.net Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design]"'' have directly derived practical [["designing out" approach|urban planning principles]] to limit the damage of terrorist attacks. These principles, also to be found in the U.K. counter [[Urban terrorism|terrorism]] planning guidelines<ref>HM Government (2012): Crowded Places: The Planning System and Counter-Terrorism. Home Office in partnership with the Department for Communities and Local Government. Crown Copyright. Retrieved from http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/counter-terrorism/crowded-places/planning-and-ct?view=Binary [02.02.2012].</ref>, include:

⚫
* stand off distances, to keep people and bomber vehicles away from targets;
⚫
* laminated glass;
⚫
* framed structures;
⚫
* bombshelter areas etc.

Other CPTED inspired core issues, which builders, architects and the housing associations should take into consideration throughout the planning process for designing buildings and public space, are:<ref>Landeskriminalamt Niedersachsen (ed.): PluS Initial Report. Hannover, 2010, (p. 57). Retrieved from: http://www.plus-eu.com/docs/PLUS-Initial-Report-online.pdf </ref>

* orientation;
* good overview;
* visibility;
* lighting;
* accessibility;
* vibrant urban environment and multiple social functions;
* responsibility;
* avoiding conflicts;
* ensuring maintenance.

For the success of the historical implementation of CPTED the following four factors occur together:

# willingness of the participants to be part of a security partnership;
⚫
# integration of citizens in the planning process through communication and [[Citizen participation|participation]] methods;
# decentralization and localization;
# commitment.


==Related subjects==
==Related subjects==

Revision as of 09:53, 18 October 2012


Environmental design

Environmental design refers to the process of addressing environmental parameters in planning programs, policies or concepts.

Security related aspects and benefits

  • Environmental design can impact social/criminal/terrorist behaviour in a positive or negative way.
  • Environmental design can mitigate, lessen or even prohibit criminal or terrorist acts.
  • Environmental design can reduce crime and terrorist risks and consequences.
  • Environmental design can decrease vulnerability and increase resilience.
  • Specific environmental design of built infrastructure can limit the damage of terrorist attacks.

Approaches how to address it

Environmental design addressing counter-terrorism Structural environmental design planning principles, according to CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design),are:

  • Access control;
  • Stand off distances, to keep people and bomber vehicles away from targets;
  • Laminated glass;
  • Framed structures;
  • Bombshelter areas etc.


Related subjects

Footnotes and references

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