Security issue: Destruction by riots
Contents
Security issue: Destruction by riots
Destruction by riots is the act of vandalism of property by organised groups for a shared rational or rationalised reason.
Description
- alcohol related
- sports related
- social circumstance related
Attributing circumstances
- Alcohol
- Excitement
- Previous acts of riot/Tradition of riots (f.e. annual)
- Competitive atmosphere
- Provocation
- Bad socio-economic circumstances (poverty, inequality of income, high unemployment, poor schools, poor healthcare, housing inadequacy, etc.) and lack of economic opportunity
- Youth (?)
- Racism/Ethnic/religious causes
- Lack of community, ownership or connection/identity with the area
Impacts
- Bodily harm
- Physical damage, Financial loss
- Loss of perceived security
- Increase of likelihood of re-emerging
- Social effects
Economic impact
Riots lead to considerable costs in both a direct (primary) and a indirect (secondary) way[1]. Direct costs of destruction by riots come in the form of:
- Preventive costs in anticipation of riots (e.g. security measures, insurance);
- Material and immaterial costs as a consequence of rioting (e.g. physical damage, repairs, medical costs, mental harm); and
- Responsive costs to riots (e.g. the costs of detection and prevention, persecution, support trial, etc.).
In addition, the secondary economic impact of crime has to be considered:
- Riots make investors nervous: "Although the Thai stock market has recovered strongly this year, investors saw a 10% drop while the rioting was going on (in 2010)[7]. "Moreover, while Thailand no doubt benefited from its reputation as a peaceful and relatively orderly country, countries with chronic troubles risk getting labelled as "basket cases" and virtually eliminated from serious consideration as investment destinations"[8].
- Rioting also has a distinct impact on tourism. "China reported that disturbances in Xinjiang in 2009 led almost 85,000 travellers to cancel trips to the area, while Thailand has seen a big drop in tourism since its political troubles turned violent"[9] in the spring of 2010.
Measures
- Ensure compatibility and balance of land use and activities
- Ensure controllability of alcohol distribution
- Provide alternative entertainment
- Limit possibilities for gathering of crowds (parking capacity?)
- Provide opportunities for regulation of traffic flow (flexible measure)
- Provide transportation facilities to and from the event
- Consider levels of permeability if it would facilitate natural crowd dispersion
- Establish a clear and controllable perimeter for the gathering
- Include highly visual clues to strict law enforcement [10]
Footnotes and references
- ↑ Primary economic impact (or direct effects) are generally defined as the initial, immediate economic output generated by a specific cause (in this case a criminal offence). Secondary economic impact (or indirect effects) are generated each time a subsequent transaction is made, for example, the impact of crime on the real estate value in the neighbourhood.
- ↑ Wikipedia, http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89meutes_de_2005_dans_les_banlieues_fran%C3%A7aises#D.C3.A9but_des_.C3.A9meutes
- ↑ Ibid
- ↑ Retaileconomic, http://www.retaileconomics.co.uk/london-riots-cost-retail-300-million-in-lost-sales/
- ↑ Ibid.
- ↑ Ibid.
- ↑ Investopedia, http://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/1210/how-riots-influence-an-economy.aspx#axzz2Dd7xpsbL
- ↑ Ibid
- ↑ http://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/1210/how-riots-influence-an-economy.aspx#axzz2Dd7xpsbL
- ↑ Student Party Riots Guide No.39 (2006) by Tamara D. Madensen & John E. Eck
- ↑ Report of the Proceedings prepared by the U.S. Department of Education’s Higher Education Centre for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention with funding from The Network: Addressing Collegiate Alcohol and Other Drug Issues
- ↑ Doc. 11685 8 July 2008 Riots in European cities: lessons and Council of Europe response Report Social, Health and Family Affairs Committee Rapporteur: Mr Roland BLUM, France, Group of the European People’s Party
- ↑ [Policing and Social Disadvantage: Learning from the Riots in Macquarie Fields and Redfern, Don Weatherburn]
- ↑ [Tottenham riots: a peaceful protest, then suddenly all hell broke loose (Guardian)]
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