Economic impact
Investments in urban development plans cost time and money, so a primary question for most urban planners, politicians and investors is what the economic impact will be. A good example of this question is the potential economic impact of hosting the Olympics. This question not only receives a lot of attention in the local and national media, but also more and more on an international level.
Economic impacts depend on the functionality of the planned urban object/environment, and are usually generated by capital costs for the construction and maintenance part, and on the other hand by the return on investment generated by sales income, real estate value, local spending by tourists, et cetera.
The above mentioned examples suggest that a lot of different economic impacts can be defined, even within the spectrum of urban planning. With respect to security, however, the economic impacts of security threats due to crime and terrorism is also of paramount importance for the urban planner, just like the economic impacts of security measures, which in turn, is closely linked to the economics of criminal & terrorist behaviour[1].
Footnotes and references
- ↑ The economic impact of an act of crime or terrorism is mostly negative due to the damage on buildings, infrastructure, human beings, and so on. Security measures, however, not only have a positive impact on the economy, but can also have a negative impact. Think for example of the security measures on airports which have lead to a decrease in travel time. Criminals and terrorist, finally, will alter their behaviour in reply to security measures to reach their goal (as much as possible gain against as least as possible costs).
