Measure type: Actuators

Actuators could be used for warning, intercepting or eliminating.

Tech description	Threat type	Threat phase	Tech use	Tech criteria	Products/suppliers
Influence attacker in communication (for example, negotiation strategies, security questioning, communication skills)	all	Execution	Respond	Performance	Security Questioning Protocols
Deception of attacker (for example, distract (i.e., slow down) by unexpected noises or physical barriers)	all	Execution	Respond	Readiness /  Performance	Psychological Intervention Guide for PBIED attacks: multidimensional matrix of significant aspects of PBIED in crowd, facilitates sense making in using softer methods to delay/protect (by TNO, for FP7 SUBCOP)
Loudspeakers	all	Execution / post-attack/escape	Alert	Physical	Many available
Lights on pathways (maybe in combination with sensor)	all	Execution / post-attack/escape	Respond	Physical / readiness / performance	n/a
Crowd control (for example, influence techniques or use of social media)	all	Execution	Alert / protect / restrict	Readiness / Performance	n/a
Non lethal weapons (acoustic, electroshock, et cetera)	Fire arms, sharp object, PBIED attack	Execution	Pre-attack preparations	Physical / cost	n/a
Weapons to stop the terrorist during the attempted attack	Fire arms, sharp object, vehicle, PBIED attack	Execution	Pre-attack preparations	Cost / compliancy	n/a
Intervention to stop the terrorist during the attempted attack	Fire arms, sharp object, PBIED attack	Execution	Pre-attack preparations	Other: effectiveness	n/a
Use of animals as actuator (for example, influencing behaviour in an overt manner (for example intimidation) and a covert manner)	all	Execution	Surveil / respond / detect / restrict	Readiness / Performance	n/a

Other measure types are:

• ICT
• Sensors
• Physical measures
• Methods