Difference between revisions of "New urbanism"
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* urban structure has an impact on social processes; |
* urban structure has an impact on social processes; |
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| − | * urban space and society interact, and |
+ | * urban space and society interact, and “''social space operates as both a product and a producer of changes in the metropolitan environment''”<ref>Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview, p. 394.</ref> ([[sociospatial perspective]]). |
==Security related aspects and benefits== |
==Security related aspects and benefits== |
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* Design can impact (anti-social/criminal) behaviour in a positive or negative way; |
* Design can impact (anti-social/criminal) behaviour in a positive or negative way; |
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* Design can impact social behaviour and reactions to threats and risks; |
* Design can impact social behaviour and reactions to threats and risks; |
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==Approaches how to address it== |
==Approaches how to address it== |
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* Consider social needs; |
* Consider social needs; |
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* Consider interactions of society with urban space; |
* Consider interactions of society with urban space; |
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| − | * Involve citizens in planning projects (citizen participation); |
+ | * Involve citizens in planning projects ([[citizen participation]]); |
* Integrate society into urban planning and into urbanity; |
* Integrate society into urban planning and into urbanity; |
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* Integrate approaches and findings from social sciences and humanities. |
* Integrate approaches and findings from social sciences and humanities. |
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However, the conceptual integration of society into urbanity does not always well reflect the new levels of social density that will be reached and that may change urban cultures. New urbanism does not |
However, the conceptual integration of society into urbanity does not always well reflect the new levels of social density that will be reached and that may change urban cultures. New urbanism does not |
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* respect the foundations for the perception of insecurity and fear by the citizens. |
* respect the foundations for the perception of insecurity and fear by the citizens. |
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| − | * It follows some sort of physical determinism: Social behaviour cannot be directed by physical design: |
+ | * It follows some sort of physical determinism: Social behaviour cannot be directed by physical design: “''Residents of communities do not behave in certain ways simply because well-known architects direct them to do so''.”<ref>Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview. p. 331.</ref> |
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Revision as of 13:36, 11 October 2012
Contents
New urbanism
New urbanism[1] is the main frame of reference for
- addressing social and culture aspects in urban planning;
- the conceptual integration of society into urbanity;
- and for linking approaches from urban planning as well as social sciences and humanities.
New Urbanism sets out to overcome the zoning of certain functional areas (typical of the industrial age) that separate residential from economy and other use. Nowadays, planning should aim at a mix of residential and economy-related functions and eliminate regional sprawl, because
- urban structure has an impact on social processes;
- urban space and society interact, and “social space operates as both a product and a producer of changes in the metropolitan environment”[2] (sociospatial perspective).
Security aspects obviously have an influence on how built environment is changed and developed. Conversely, the way in which built environment is changed and developed influences the security of infrastructures, and of society as a whole:
- Design can impact (anti-social/criminal) behaviour in a positive or negative way;
- Design can impact social behaviour and reactions to threats and risks;
Mind, that social behaviour cannot be solely directed by design – it depends on socio-cultural roots, security/risk culture, perceptions etc.
Approaches how to address it
- Consider social needs;
- Consider interactions of society with urban space;
- Involve citizens in planning projects (citizen participation);
- Integrate society into urban planning and into urbanity;
- Integrate approaches and findings from social sciences and humanities.
Related aspects
- Sociospatial perspective;
- Ecological perspective;
- Environmental psychology;
- Resilience, societal resilience;
- Perception of (in)security and of the criticality of infrastructure.
Criticism
However, the conceptual integration of society into urbanity does not always well reflect the new levels of social density that will be reached and that may change urban cultures. New urbanism does not
- respect the foundations for the perception of insecurity and fear by the citizens.
- It follows some sort of physical determinism: Social behaviour cannot be directed by physical design: “Residents of communities do not behave in certain ways simply because well-known architects direct them to do so.”[3]
Footnotes and references
- ↑ E.g. P. Calthorpe/W. Fulton: The Regional City: Planning for the End of the Sprawl. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001.
- ↑ Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview, p. 394.
- ↑ Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview. p. 331.
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