Difference between revisions of "New urbanism"

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* the conceptual integration of society into urbanity;
 
* the conceptual integration of society into urbanity;
 
* and for linking approaches from urban planning as well as social sciences and humanities.
 
* and for linking approaches from urban planning as well as social sciences and humanities.
  +
   
[[Security]] aspects obviously have an influence on how built environment is changed and developed. Conversely, the way in which built environment is changed and developed influences the security of infrastructures, and of society as a whole. New Urbanism sets out to overcome the zoning of certain functional areas (typical of the industrial age) that separate residential from economy and other use. Nowadays, planning should aim at a mix of residential and economy-related functions and eliminate regional sprawl, because
+
New Urbanism sets out to overcome the zoning of certain functional areas (typical of the industrial age) that separate residential from economy and other use. Nowadays, planning should aim at a mix of residential and economy-related functions and eliminate regional sprawl, because
   
# urban structure has an impact on social processes;
+
* urban structure has an impact on social processes;
# urban space and society interact, and “social space operates as both a product and a producer of changes in the metropolitan environment”<ref>Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview, p. 394.</ref> ([[sociospatial perspective]]).
+
* urban space and society interact, and “social space operates as both a product and a producer of changes in the metropolitan environment”<ref>Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview, p. 394.</ref> ([[sociospatial perspective]]).
 
== Criticism ==
 
 
However, this conceptual integration of society into urbanity does not always well reflect the new levels of social density that will be reached and that may change urban cultures. New urbanism does not
 
 
* respect the foundations for the perception of insecurity and fear by the citizens.
 
* It follows some sort of physical determinism: Social behaviour cannot be directed by physical design: “Residents of communities do not behave in certain ways simply because well-known architects direct them to do so.”<ref>Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview. p. 331.</ref>
 
   
 
==Security related aspects and benefits==
 
==Security related aspects and benefits==
  +
[[Security]] aspects obviously have an influence on how built environment is changed and developed. Conversely, the way in which built environment is changed and developed influences the security of infrastructures, and of society as a whole:
 
* Design can impact (anti-social/criminal) behaviour in a positive or negative way;
 
* Design can impact (anti-social/criminal) behaviour in a positive or negative way;
 
* Design can impact social behaviour and reactions to threats and risks;
 
* Design can impact social behaviour and reactions to threats and risks;
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*[[Perception of (in)security]] and of the criticality of infrastructure.
 
*[[Perception of (in)security]] and of the criticality of infrastructure.
   
 
== Criticism ==
   
 
However, the conceptual integration of society into urbanity does not always well reflect the new levels of social density that will be reached and that may change urban cultures. New urbanism does not
  +
 
* respect the foundations for the perception of insecurity and fear by the citizens.
 
* It follows some sort of physical determinism: Social behaviour cannot be directed by physical design: “Residents of communities do not behave in certain ways simply because well-known architects direct them to do so.”<ref>Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview. p. 331.</ref>
 
{{references}}
 
{{references}}
   

Revision as of 13:33, 11 October 2012


New urbanism

New urbanism[1] is the main frame of reference for

  • addressing social and culture aspects in urban planning;
  • the conceptual integration of society into urbanity;
  • and for linking approaches from urban planning as well as social sciences and humanities.


New Urbanism sets out to overcome the zoning of certain functional areas (typical of the industrial age) that separate residential from economy and other use. Nowadays, planning should aim at a mix of residential and economy-related functions and eliminate regional sprawl, because

  • urban structure has an impact on social processes;
  • urban space and society interact, and “social space operates as both a product and a producer of changes in the metropolitan environment”[2] (sociospatial perspective).

Security related aspects and benefits

Security aspects obviously have an influence on how built environment is changed and developed. Conversely, the way in which built environment is changed and developed influences the security of infrastructures, and of society as a whole:

  • Design can impact (anti-social/criminal) behaviour in a positive or negative way;
  • Design can impact social behaviour and reactions to threats and risks;
  • Social behaviour cannot be solely directed by design – it depends on socio-cultural roots, security/risk culture, perceptions etc.

Approaches how to address it

  • Consider social needs;
  • Consider interactions of society with urban space;
  • Involve citizens in planning projects (citizen participation);
  • Integrate society into urban planning and into urbanity;
  • Integrate approaches and findings from social sciences and humanities.


Related aspects

Criticism

However, the conceptual integration of society into urbanity does not always well reflect the new levels of social density that will be reached and that may change urban cultures. New urbanism does not

  • respect the foundations for the perception of insecurity and fear by the citizens.
  • It follows some sort of physical determinism: Social behaviour cannot be directed by physical design: “Residents of communities do not behave in certain ways simply because well-known architects direct them to do so.”[3]

Footnotes and references

  1. E.g. P. Calthorpe/W. Fulton: The Regional City: Planning for the End of the Sprawl. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001.
  2. Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview, p. 394.
  3. Gottdiener, M./Hutchison, R. (2011): The New Urban Sociology. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview. p. 331.

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