Robustness - Revision history

Olav at 16:12, 15 August 2013

2013-08-15T16:12:38Z

Albert at 16:36, 30 January 2013

2013-01-30T16:36:53Z

Albert: Text replace - "= MAP =" to ""

2013-01-30T16:31:20Z

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2013-01-30T15:08:46Z

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Albert at 11:23, 17 December 2012

2012-12-17T11:23:37Z

Albert at 13:37, 7 December 2012

2012-12-07T13:37:30Z

Gerdien: /* Method to Detect vulnerable road sections */

2012-11-27T15:50:24Z

Method to Detect vulnerable road sections

Gerdien at 13:22, 20 November 2012

2012-11-20T13:22:57Z

Gerdien: /* Redundancy */

2012-11-20T13:19:29Z

Redundancy

Gerdien: /* Vulnerability */

2012-10-09T13:29:21Z

Vulnerability

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 === Redundancy  ===
-The robustness of a system can be increased by introducing a certain spare capacity into the system. This spare capacity is often referred to by the term [[has attribute::'''redundancy''']]. When disruptions occur, this spare capacity can be made available so that the system continues to function better. A traffic network has sufficient redundancy if there are alternative routes available and there is enough spare capacity on all the routes. There are actually two types of redundancy: active and passive redundancy. Active redundancy, like alternative routes, is redundancy in the network that can also be used in regular situations. Passive redundancy refers to back-up options that are only used in case of disturbances. An example of this are ferries that can be used in case of bridge failures.
+The robustness of a system can be increased by introducing a certain spare capacity into the system. This spare capacity is often referred to by the term redundancy. When disruptions occur, this spare capacity can be made available so that the system continues to function better. A traffic network has sufficient redundancy if there are alternative routes available and there is enough spare capacity on all the routes. There are actually two types of redundancy: active and passive redundancy. Active redundancy, like alternative routes, is redundancy in the network that can also be used in regular situations. Passive redundancy refers to back-up options that are only used in case of disturbances. An example of this are ferries that can be used in case of bridge failures.
 === Flexibility  ===

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 [[Category:Mobility]]
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 [[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]'''Robustness''' is the extent to which, under pre-specified circumstances, a network is able to maintain the function for which it was originally designed.

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 [[Category:Mobility]]
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-'''Robustness''' is the extent to which, under pre-specified circumstances, a network is able to maintain the function for which it was originally designed.
+[[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]'''Robustness''' is the extent to which, under pre-specified circumstances, a network is able to maintain the function for which it was originally designed.
 == Use ==

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 == Use ==
-Generally, this function is to enable traffic flow from A to B with a certain speed. When a network is robust, this means that even in the case of unexpected events, the network is able to accommodate the traffic flow with a sufficiently high speed. For example, if an incident (or terrorist action) happens that blocks a certain road, there should be sufficient alternatives routes with sufficient spare capacity be available to reroute the traffic over these alternatives. There are certain criteria that an urban planner can take into account in order to design a robust network, or to test if an existing network is robust. Some possible criteria will be discussed later.
+Generally, this function is designed to enable traffic flow from A to B with a certain speed. When a network is robust, this means that even in the case of unexpected events, the network is able to accommodate the traffic flow with a sufficiently high speed. For example, if an incident (or terrorist action) happens that blocks a certain road, there should be sufficient alternatives routes with sufficient spare capacity be available to reroute the traffic over these alternatives. There are certain criteria that an urban planner can take into account in order to design a robust network, or to test if an existing network is robust. Some possible criteria will be discussed later.
 ==Forms of robustness==
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 === Flexibility  ===
-The robustness of the system can partly be measured by the degree to which the system is able to fulfill more and different functions than the functions for which the system was originally designed. In other words, flexibility is a property that enables the system to expand in line with new requirements that are demanded of the system. A flexible network is able to reroute the transported elements to the alternative routes as fast as possible, for example by using both driving directions of the road in case of a mass evacuation.
+The robustness of the system can partly be measured by the degree to which the system is able to fulfil more and different functions than the functions for which the system was originally designed. In other words, flexibility is a property that enables the system to expand in line with new requirements that are demanded of the system. A flexible network is able to reroute the transported elements to the alternative routes as fast as possible, for example by using both driving directions of the road in case of a mass evacuation.
 === Resilience  ===
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 A more general description of vulnerability in the context of societal security is given [[Vulnerability |here]].
-== Method to Detect vulnerable road sections ==
+== Method to detect robustness issues in a road network ==
 In order to indicate at which locations in the network measures concerning robustness are potentially the most effective, TNO developed a method to quickly detect vulnerable road sections. The criteria of this method could be used also by the urban planner. It is not yet adapted or focused on security issues.

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 === Vulnerability ===
 Vulnerability is the opposite of robustness; a vulnerable network is vulnerable to disruptions, and will not be able to accommodate the traffic in case of abnormal traffic situations.
+A more general description of vulnerability in the context of societal security is given [[Vulnerability |here]].
 == Method to Detect vulnerable road sections ==