Mixed use - Revision history

Albert: /* Social */

2013-12-13T09:26:31Z

Social

Albert: /* Social */

2013-12-13T09:26:12Z

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Albert: /* Social */

2013-12-13T09:23:32Z

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Albert: /* Social */

2013-12-13T09:20:12Z

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Albert: /* Social */

2013-12-13T09:18:32Z

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Albert: /* Social */

2013-12-13T09:17:43Z

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Hans: /* Social */

2013-12-10T09:36:09Z

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Hans: /* Social */

2013-12-10T09:29:52Z

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Hans: /* Social */

2013-12-10T09:12:21Z

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Hans: /* Social */

2013-12-10T08:47:19Z

Social

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 Research involving specific distinction between the various forms of harassment and crime, and characteristics of the physical environment to which they may be of influence, have paid off. An example of specific research can be found in Van der Voordt en Van Wegen<ref>Van der Voordt, D.J.M. en Van Wegen, H.B.R. (1991). Sociale veiligheid en
 gebouwde omgeving: theorie, empirie en instrumentontwikkeling. Delft: OSPA. Onderzoeksinstituut voor Stedebouw, Planologie en Architectuur. Technische
-Universiteit Delft, Faculteit der Bouwkunde.</ref> In this study, six major CPTED criteria are brought together in the 'Delft checklist'. The criteria are:
+Universiteit Delft, Faculteit der Bouwkunde.</ref> In this study, six major CPTED criteria are brought together in the 'Delft checklist'. These criteria are:
 *Visibility,
 *Noticeable presence of residents,

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 Research involving specific distinction between the various forms of harassment and crime, and characteristics of the physical environment to which they may be of influence, have paid off. An example of specific research can be found in Van der Voordt en Van Wegen<ref>Van der Voordt, D.J.M. en Van Wegen, H.B.R. (1991). Sociale veiligheid en
 gebouwde omgeving: theorie, empirie en instrumentontwikkeling. Delft: OSPA. Onderzoeksinstituut voor Stedebouw, Planologie en Architectuur. Technische
-Universiteit Delft, Faculteit der Bouwkunde.</ref> In this study, six major CPTED criteria are brought together in the 'Delft checklist. The criteria are:
+Universiteit Delft, Faculteit der Bouwkunde.</ref> In this study, six major CPTED criteria are brought together in the 'Delft checklist'. The criteria are:
 *Visibility,
 *Noticeable presence of residents,

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 In order to improve the perceived social security, many Anglo-Saxon literature focuses on improving  the quality of the social environment by community building. Social Security is seen as inherent to social connectedness. In particular, [[New urbanism]] is an outspoken exponent of this movement, leaning heavily on the idea that a good design strongly influences the social quality of an living environment.
-Mixed use settings is on the one hand a design principle to improve the experience social security of citizens but it also demonstrates the high relevance of societal security as a frame of reference for identification of vulnerability and enhancement of resilience – see for example, [[Vulnerability#Social.2Fcommunity_vulnerability|social/community vulnerability]]. In view of the growing number of threats from global terrorism, natural disasters, and crime, the urban planning practice must therefore incorporate appropriate security measures for vulnerability identification and resilience enhancements of urban objects. Vulnerability assessment of urban mixed use development should take place based on a set of different indicators, ranging from physical to social.
+Mixed use settings is on the one hand a design principle to improve the perceived social security of citizens but it also demonstrates the high relevance of societal security as a frame of reference for identification of vulnerability and enhancement of resilience – see for example, [[Vulnerability#Social.2Fcommunity_vulnerability|social/community vulnerability]]. In view of the growing number of threats from global terrorism, natural disasters, and crime, the urban planning practice must therefore incorporate appropriate security measures for vulnerability identification and resilience enhancements of urban objects. Vulnerability assessment of urban mixed use development should take place based on a set of different indicators, ranging from physical to social.
 Research involving specific distinction between the various forms of harassment and crime, and characteristics of the physical environment to which they may be of influence, have paid off. An example of specific research can be found in Van der Voordt en Van Wegen<ref>Van der Voordt, D.J.M. en Van Wegen, H.B.R. (1991). Sociale veiligheid en

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 Mixed land use can enhance the vitality and perceived security of areas by increasing the number of people on the street and in public spaces at different times of the day. Mixed use development also encourages more efficient use of land and can lead to a more equitable city design, allowing for reduced travel and associated costs for residents.
-In order to improve the experienced social security, many Anglo-Saxon literature focuses on improving  the quality of the social environment by community building. Social Security is seen as inherent to social connectedness. In particular, [[New urbanism]] is an outspoken exponent of this movement, leaning heavily on the idea that a good design strongly influence the social quality of an living environment.
+In order to improve the perceived social security, many Anglo-Saxon literature focuses on improving  the quality of the social environment by community building. Social Security is seen as inherent to social connectedness. In particular, [[New urbanism]] is an outspoken exponent of this movement, leaning heavily on the idea that a good design strongly influences the social quality of an living environment.
 Mixed use settings is on the one hand a design principle to improve the experience social security of citizens but it also demonstrates the high relevance of societal security as a frame of reference for identification of vulnerability and enhancement of resilience – see for example, [[Vulnerability#Social.2Fcommunity_vulnerability|social/community vulnerability]]. In view of the growing number of threats from global terrorism, natural disasters, and crime, the urban planning practice must therefore incorporate appropriate security measures for vulnerability identification and resilience enhancements of urban objects. Vulnerability assessment of urban mixed use development should take place based on a set of different indicators, ranging from physical to social.

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 Mixed use settings is on the one hand a design principle to improve the experience social security of citizens but it also demonstrates the high relevance of societal security as a frame of reference for identification of vulnerability and enhancement of resilience – see for example, [[Vulnerability#Social.2Fcommunity_vulnerability|social/community vulnerability]]. In view of the growing number of threats from global terrorism, natural disasters, and crime, the urban planning practice must therefore incorporate appropriate security measures for vulnerability identification and resilience enhancements of urban objects. Vulnerability assessment of urban mixed use development should take place based on a set of different indicators, ranging from physical to social.
-Research involving specific distinction between the various forms of harassment and crime, and characteristics of the physical environment to which they may be of influence have paid off. An example of specific research can be found in Van der Voordt en Van Wegen<ref>Van der Voordt, D.J.M. en Van Wegen, H.B.R. (1991). Sociale veiligheid en
+Research involving specific distinction between the various forms of harassment and crime, and characteristics of the physical environment to which they may be of influence, have paid off. An example of specific research can be found in Van der Voordt en Van Wegen<ref>Van der Voordt, D.J.M. en Van Wegen, H.B.R. (1991). Sociale veiligheid en
 gebouwde omgeving: theorie, empirie en instrumentontwikkeling. Delft: OSPA. Onderzoeksinstituut voor Stedebouw, Planologie en Architectuur. Technische
 Universiteit Delft, Faculteit der Bouwkunde.</ref> In this study, six major CPTED criteria are brought together in the 'Delft checklist. The criteria are:

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 *Attractiveness and quality of maintenance,
 *Soundness and quality of material applied.
-Such an assessment can be done based on:
-*[[Vulnerability#Social.2Fcommunity_vulnerability|List of indicators for assessment of subjective protection requirements of critical infrastructure]];
-*[[Critical_infrastructure#Types_of_impact_of_critical_infrasture_failure_on_citizens_and_society|Types of impact of critical infrastructure failure on citizens and society as well as needs to protect it]];
-*[[Failure_of_critical_services#Societal_aspects|Societal aspects of failure of critical services]].
-Aspects like those listed above show how important it is to involve citizens in related urban-object risk assessment. VITRUV identified a set of practical methods for such [[citizen participation]].
 === Economic ===

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 Mixed land use can enhance the vitality and perceived security of areas by increasing the number of people on the street and in public spaces at different times of the day. Mixed use development also encourages more efficient use of land and can lead to a more equitable city design, allowing for reduced travel and associated costs for residents.
-In order to improve the experienced social security, many Anglo-Saxon literature focuses on improving  the quality of the social environment by community building. Social Security, is seen as inherent to social connectedness. In particular, New Urbanism, is an outspoken exponent of this movement, leaning heavily on the idea that a good design strongly influence the social quality of an living environment.
+In order to improve the experienced social security, many Anglo-Saxon literature focuses on improving  the quality of the social environment by community building. Social Security, is seen as inherent to social connectedness. In particular, [[New urbanism]], is an outspoken exponent of this movement, leaning heavily on the idea that a good design strongly influence the social quality of an living environment.
 Mixed use settings particularly demonstrate the high relevance of societal security as a frame of reference for identification of vulnerability and enhancement of resilience - for example, [[Vulnerability#Social.2Fcommunity_vulnerability|social/community vulnerability]] in view of the growing number of threats from global terrorism, natural disasters, or crime. Urban planning practice must therefore incorporate appropriate security measures for vulnerability identification and resilience enhancements of urban objects, including from the societal point of view. Vulnerability assessment of urban objects in particular in mixed-use settings should thus take place based on different sets of indicators, from physical to social, and across several levels of reference, from individual to cultural community.