Measures - Revision history

Dolinda at 14:28, 23 November 2020

2020-11-23T14:28:57Z

Albert at 07:39, 22 October 2020

2020-10-22T07:39:02Z

Dolinda at 13:22, 15 October 2020

2020-10-15T13:22:24Z

Show changes

Dolinda: /* Measure types applied in the process of a criminal act */

2020-10-09T14:59:37Z

Measure types applied in the process of a criminal act

Dolinda at 14:21, 15 September 2020

2020-09-15T14:21:30Z

Dolinda at 14:18, 15 September 2020

2020-09-15T14:18:14Z

Dolinda at 14:16, 15 September 2020

2020-09-15T14:16:55Z

Puck: Alles is verwijderd, omdat we het nu anders gaan inrichten

2020-09-15T08:21:19Z

Alles is verwijderd, omdat we het nu anders gaan inrichten

Puck at 09:43, 3 September 2020

2020-09-03T09:43:09Z

Puck at 08:22, 3 September 2020

2020-09-03T08:22:03Z

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
-Event driven-measures are temporal solutions that can mediate the risk of a high-impact crime (such as an attack) at an event in a designated area. These measures, in turn, can be broken down into various technology categories that could assist in the mitigation of [[Vulnerability|vulnerabilities]]:
+Event driven-measures are temporal solutions that can mediate the risk of a high-impact crime (such as an attack) at an event in a designated area. These measures, in turn, can be broken down into various technology categories that could assist in the mitigation of [[Security Vulnerability|vulnerabilities]]:
 The '''five technology categories''' in event-driven measures are:
-# ''[[Measure type: Information and Communications Technology (ICT)|ICT]]'' that could be used for communicating, storing, analysing and protecting information. Examples are: WiFi, IoT, Encryption, VPN, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Information and Communications Technology (ICT)|ICT]]'' that could be used for communicating, storing, analysing and protecting information. Examples are: WiFi, IoT, Encryption, VPN, et cetera;
-# ''[[Measure type: Sensors|Sensors]]'' that could be used for detection, identification, localisation or tracking. Examples are: cameras, facial recognition, acoustic sniper localisation, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Sensors|Sensors]]'' that could be used for detection, identification, localisation or tracking. Examples are: cameras, facial recognition, acoustic sniper localisation, et cetera;
-# ''[[Measure type: Actuators|Actuators]]'' that could be used for warning, intercepting or eliminating. Examples are: sirens, anti-drone drones, HPM vehicle stopping, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Actuators|Actuators]]'' that could be used for warning, intercepting or eliminating. Examples are: sirens, anti-drone drones, HPM vehicle stopping, et cetera;
-# ''[[Measure type: Physical measures|Physical measures]]'' that could be used for controlling access, impeding an attack or protective materials. Examples are: tourniquets, portable rising steps, bomb blast window film, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Physical measures|Physical measures]]'' that could be used for controlling access, impeding an attack or protective materials. Examples are: tourniquets, portable rising steps, bomb blast window film, et cetera;
-# ''[[Measure type: Methods|Methods]]'' that could be used for procedures, best practices or standards to implement solutions. An example is the ISO 31000 Risk Management
+#''[[Measure type: Methods|Methods]]'' that could be used for procedures, best practices or standards to implement solutions. An example is the ISO 31000 Risk Management
 In this application, the term technology should be interpreted in the broadest sense of the word. It includes both hard technologies and soft technologies. Hard technologies are tangible devices or components (e.g. computers and software). Soft technologies include the human areas of decision making, strategy development, training, and concept formation (e.g. methodologies or procedures).
@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 Each technology is (part of) a security measure, providing some basic security function as a response to a (potential) threat. As used in the EU VAT, there are ten different technology uses that range from before, during and after an attack. The technology uses are:
-# ''Alert'' - used for alerting public (e.g. sirens, texting service);
+#''Alert'' - used for alerting public (e.g. sirens, texting service);
-# ''Surveil'' - used for situational awareness (e.g. cameras, social media tools);
+#''Surveil'' - used for situational awareness (e.g. cameras, social media tools);
-# ''Respond'' - used for responding to an attack (e.g. security personnel, non-lethal weapons);
+#''Respond'' - used for responding to an attack (e.g. security personnel, non-lethal weapons);
-# ''Protect'' - used to protect assets (people, buildings, infrastructure);
+#''Protect'' - used to protect assets (people, buildings, infrastructure);
-# ''Detect'' - used for detecting a weapon or weapon use (e.g. entry scanning equipment);
+#''Detect'' - used for detecting a weapon or weapon use (e.g. entry scanning equipment);
-# ''Overcome'' - used for overcoming a sudden vulnerability (e.g. extra concertina wire);
+#''Overcome'' - used for overcoming a sudden vulnerability (e.g. extra concertina wire);
-# ''Improvise'' - created on the spot from available means (e.g. use police vehicle as a road block);
+#''Improvise'' - created on the spot from available means (e.g. use police vehicle as a road block);
-# ''Restrict'' - used for restricting public access (e.g. safety barriers);
+#''Restrict'' - used for restricting public access (e.g. safety barriers);
-# ''Adapt'' - used for changing circumstances (e.g. moving assets to a safer location);
+#''Adapt'' - used for changing circumstances (e.g. moving assets to a safer location);
-# ''Other.''
+#''Other.''
 The following examples illustrate the potential needs for these event-driven, technological solutions by indicating their support towards mediating risk and mitigating vulnerabilities:

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 All measure types can be classified in one of these categories. The table below displays for each of the measure types in Securipedia, which point of application it works on.
-By clicking the "?" a brief description of the measure is provided.
+By clicking the {{#tip-info:Example of a explanatory text}} a brief description of the measure is provided.
 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]'''Measures''' are provisions made or actions taken to protect an object or subject from risk.
+Measure types can be classified by their temporal application: structural or event-driven measures. '''[verder uitwerken]'''
-==Measure types applied in the process of a criminal act==
-Measures can be classified by their point of application in the process of a criminal act. From the perspective of a criminal, all measures reduce the perceived attractiveness of a target. Identified points of application are:
+==Structural measure types to protect an object or subject from risk==
+Structural measures: infrastructural improvement to mitigate risk. '''[verder uitwerken]''' These measures can further be classified by their point of application in the process of a criminal act. From the perspective of a criminal, all measures reduce the perceived attractiveness of a target. Identified points of application are:
 *Increasing perceived effort
@@ Line 33: / Line 35: @@
 |}
+==Event-driven measure types==
-==Measure types by technology category==
+''Link naar vulnerabilities en preferred solutions (die combinatie op de pagina van vulnerabilities houden?)''
+'''[introtekst met context: wat verstaan we onder event-driven measures, en measures voor/tegen wat?]'''
-''Link naar vulnerabilities en preferred solutions (die combinatie op de pagina van vulnerabilities houden?)''
-[introtekst met context: measures voor/tegen wat?]
 ===='''Needs for technological solutions'''====
-Multiple needs have been identified where technological solutions might be of support towards mitigating <u>vulnerabilities</u>. These needs are as follows:
+Multiple needs have been identified where technological solutions might be of support towards mitigating <u>vulnerabilities</u>. '''[What are technologies: definition to include both soft and hard technologies]'''
+These needs are as follows:
 *Enhancing the surveillance of an area to for instance count crowds, monitor allocation of citizens or identify occurrences of objects or behaviors. By enhancing this surveillance, a municipality and the other local actors can identify anomalies or assess the impact at certain moments in time before an attack or respond faster to incidents and aid citizens.

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 [brugtekst]
-==== '''Technology category''' ====
+===='''Technology category'''====
 The five technology categories are:
-#''ICT'' that could be used for communicating, storing, analysing and protecting information. Examples are: WiFi, IoT, Encryption, VPN, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Information and Communications Technology (ICT)|ICT]]'' that could be used for communicating, storing, analysing and protecting information. Examples are: WiFi, IoT, Encryption, VPN, et cetera;
-#''Sensors'' that could be used for detection, identification, localisation or tracking. Examples are: cameras, facial recognition, acoustic sniper localisation, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Sensors|Sensors]]'' that could be used for detection, identification, localisation or tracking. Examples are: cameras, facial recognition, acoustic sniper localisation, et cetera;
-#''Actuators'' that could be used for warning, intercepting or eliminating. Examples are: sirens, anti-drone drones, HPM vehicle stopping, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Actuators|Actuators]]'' that could be used for warning, intercepting or eliminating. Examples are: sirens, anti-drone drones, HPM vehicle stopping, et cetera;
-#''Physical measures'' that could be used for controlling access, impeding an attack or protective materials. Examples are: tourniquets, portable rising steps, bomb blast window film, et cetera;
+#''[[Measure type: Physical measures|Physical measures]]'' that could be used for controlling access, impeding an attack or protective materials. Examples are: tourniquets, portable rising steps, bomb blast window film, et cetera;
-#''Methods'' that could be used for procedures, best practices or standards to implement solutions. An example is the ISO 31000 Risk Management.
+#''[[Measure type: Methods|Methods]]'' that could be used for procedures, best practices or standards to implement solutions. An example is the ISO 31000 Risk Management.
 ''Tech use hier of in elk van de technology category pagina's met ook de andere technology aspects uitgelegd (threat type, threat phase, tech criteria)?''
-==== '''Technology use''' ====
+===='''Technology use'''====
 Each technology is (part of) a security measure, providing some basic security function as a response to a (potential) threat. As used in the EU VAT, there are ten different technology uses that range from before, during and after an attack. The technology uses are:

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 [introtekst met context: measures voor/tegen wat?]
-==== '''Needs for technological solutions''' ====
+===='''Needs for technological solutions'''====
 Multiple needs have been identified where technological solutions might be of support towards mitigating <u>vulnerabilities</u>. These needs are as follows:
-* Enhancing the surveillance of an area to for instance count crowds, monitor allocation of citizens or identify occurrences of objects or behaviors. By enhancing this surveillance, a municipality and the other local actors can identify anomalies or assess the impact at certain moments in time before an attack or respond faster to incidents and aid citizens.
+*Enhancing the surveillance of an area to for instance count crowds, monitor allocation of citizens or identify occurrences of objects or behaviors. By enhancing this surveillance, a municipality and the other local actors can identify anomalies or assess the impact at certain moments in time before an attack or respond faster to incidents and aid citizens.
-* Enhancing the cooperation between different actors (between own forces as well as completely different actors). In the cases of terrorist attacks, actors do not stand alone and need to cooperate in order to prevent, responds and recover from terrorist attacks. By enhancing the cooperation in could create more effective deployment of forces, better communication between them and faster (real time) sharing of information like images or videos to get ahead of the threat.
+*Enhancing the cooperation between different actors (between own forces as well as completely different actors). In the cases of terrorist attacks, actors do not stand alone and need to cooperate in order to prevent, responds and recover from terrorist attacks. By enhancing the cooperation in could create more effective deployment of forces, better communication between them and faster (real time) sharing of information like images or videos to get ahead of the threat.
-* Enhancing alerting and evacuating of citizens during an attack by putting in place early warning systems and effective evacuation pathways. Potential innovative technology solutions could enhance the warning systems and evacuation pathways for specific public spaces.
+*Enhancing alerting and evacuating of citizens during an attack by putting in place early warning systems and effective evacuation pathways. Potential innovative technology solutions could enhance the warning systems and evacuation pathways for specific public spaces.
-* Enhancing the existing knowledge and train forces specifically for protecting public spaces against terrorism, as anti-terrorism expertise is often missing at local government. There is a need of knowing were and how this knowledge can be obtained as well as how to train personal in the future.
+*Enhancing the existing knowledge and train forces specifically for protecting public spaces against terrorism, as anti-terrorism expertise is often missing at local government. There is a need of knowing were and how this knowledge can be obtained as well as how to train personal in the future.
 [brugtekst]
-'''Technology category.''' The five technology categories are:
+==== '''Technology category''' ====
+The five technology categories are:
-# ''ICT'' that could be used for communicating, storing, analysing and protecting information. Examples are: WiFi, IoT, Encryption, VPN, et cetera;
+#''ICT'' that could be used for communicating, storing, analysing and protecting information. Examples are: WiFi, IoT, Encryption, VPN, et cetera;
-# ''Sensors'' that could be used for detection, identification, localisation or tracking. Examples are: cameras, facial recognition, acoustic sniper localisation, et cetera;
+#''Sensors'' that could be used for detection, identification, localisation or tracking. Examples are: cameras, facial recognition, acoustic sniper localisation, et cetera;
-# ''Actuators'' that could be used for warning, intercepting or eliminating. Examples are: sirens, anti-drone drones, HPM vehicle stopping, et cetera;
+#''Actuators'' that could be used for warning, intercepting or eliminating. Examples are: sirens, anti-drone drones, HPM vehicle stopping, et cetera;
-# ''Physical measures'' that could be used for controlling access, impeding an attack or protective materials. Examples are: tourniquets, portable rising steps, bomb blast window film, et cetera;
+#''Physical measures'' that could be used for controlling access, impeding an attack or protective materials. Examples are: tourniquets, portable rising steps, bomb blast window film, et cetera;
-# ''Methods'' that could be used for procedures, best practices or standards to implement solutions. An example is the ISO 31000 Risk Management.
+#''Methods'' that could be used for procedures, best practices or standards to implement solutions. An example is the ISO 31000 Risk Management.
-''Tech use hier of in elk van de technology category pagina's met ook de andere technology aspects uitgelegd (threat type, threat phase, tech criteria)?'''''Technology use.''' Each technology is (part of) a security measure, providing some basic security function as a response to a (potential) threat. As used in the EU VAT, there are ten different technology uses that range from before, during and after an attack. The technology uses are:
+''Tech use hier of in elk van de technology category pagina's met ook de andere technology aspects uitgelegd (threat type, threat phase, tech criteria)?''
+==== '''Technology use''' ====
-# ''Alert'' - used for alerting public (e.g. sirens, texting service);
+Each technology is (part of) a security measure, providing some basic security function as a response to a (potential) threat. As used in the EU VAT, there are ten different technology uses that range from before, during and after an attack. The technology uses are:
-# ''Surveil'' - used for situational awareness (e.g. cameras, social media tools);
-# ''Respond'' - used for responding to an attack (e.g. security personnel, non-lethal weapons);
-# ''Protect'' - used to protect assets (people, buildings, infrastructure);
+#''Alert'' - used for alerting public (e.g. sirens, texting service);
-# ''Detect'' - used for detecting a weapon or weapon use (e.g. entry scanning equipment);
+#''Surveil'' - used for situational awareness (e.g. cameras, social media tools);
-# ''Overcome'' - used for overcoming a sudden vulnerability (e.g. extra concertina wire);
+#''Respond'' - used for responding to an attack (e.g. security personnel, non-lethal weapons);
+#''Protect'' - used to protect assets (people, buildings, infrastructure);
-# ''Improvise'' - created on the spot from available means (e.g. use police vehicle as a road block);
-# ''Restrict'' - used for restricting public access (e.g. safety barriers);
+#''Detect'' - used for detecting a weapon or weapon use (e.g. entry scanning equipment);
-# ''Adapt'' - used for changing circumstances (e.g. moving assets to a safer location);
+#''Overcome'' - used for overcoming a sudden vulnerability (e.g. extra concertina wire);
+#''Improvise'' - created on the spot from available means (e.g. use police vehicle as a road block);
-# ''Other.''
+#''Restrict'' - used for restricting public access (e.g. safety barriers);
+#''Adapt'' - used for changing circumstances (e.g. moving assets to a safer location);
+#''Other.''
 <br />

@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 |}
-==Measure types PRoTECT --> use for LEA==
+==Measure types PRoTECT ==
-=== Threat phases ===
-==== Pre-attack (uitleg) ====
+<br />
-*''Initial Target Identification'' (before the attack);
-*''Operational Planning'' (before the attack);
-*''Pre-Attack Preparation'' (before the attack);
-==== During attack ====
-* ''Execution'' (during the attack);
-==== Post attack ====
-* ''Post-Attack/Escape'' (after the attack)
-Measure categories, allen definieren:
-*Alert
-*Surveillance
-*Respond
-*Protect
-*Detect
-*Overcome
-*Improvise
-*Restrict
-*Adapt
-*Other
-{| class="wikitable"
-|+Overview of measures
-| colspan="3" |'''Pre-attack'''
-| colspan="3" |'''During attack'''
-|'''Post-attack'''
-| colspan="3" |'''All'''
-|-
-!Restrict
-!Surveillance
-!Protect
-!Respond
-!Alert
-!Detect
-!Overcome
-!Improvise
-!Adapt
-!Other
-|-
-|
-|
-|
-|[[Tech category: ICT technology|Gis system with information]]
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|-
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|}
-Tabel met linkjes naar maatregelen
-Link naar type aanval (komt waarschijnlijk onder safety en security pagina)<br />

@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 |}
-== Measure types PRoTECT ==
+==Measure types PRoTECT==
 Threat phases
-# ''Initial Target Identification'' (before the attack);
+#''Initial Target Identification'' (before the attack);
-# ''Operational Planning'' (before the attack);
+#''Operational Planning'' (before the attack);
-# ''Pre-Attack Preparation'' (before the attack);
+#''Pre-Attack Preparation'' (before the attack);
-# ''Execution'' (during the attack);
+#''Execution'' (during the attack);
-# ''Post-Attack/Escape'' (after the attack).
+#''Post-Attack/Escape'' (after the attack).
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 70: / Line 70: @@
 Measure categories:
-* Alert
+*Alert
-* Surveillance
+*Surveillance
-* Respond
+*Respond
-* Protect
+*Protect
-* Detect
+*Detect
-* Overcome
+*Overcome
-* Improvise
+*Improvise
-* Restrict
+*Restrict
-* Adapt
+*Adapt
-* Other
+*Other
 Tabel met linkjes naar maatregelen
-<br />
+Link naar type aanval (komt waarschijnlijk onder safety en security pagina)<br />