Estimation of the costs of crime - Revision history

Albert at 23:14, 19 January 2018

2018-01-19T23:14:11Z

John P: /* Estimating the number of offences committed */

2013-10-28T12:58:31Z

Estimating the number of offences committed

John P: /* Estimating the number of offences committed */

2013-10-28T12:57:57Z

Estimating the number of offences committed

John P: /* Estimating the number of offences committed */

2013-10-28T12:57:31Z

Estimating the number of offences committed

John P at 12:55, 28 October 2013

2013-10-28T12:55:58Z

John P: /* Estimating the number of offences committed */

2013-10-28T10:50:18Z

Estimating the number of offences committed

Albert at 22:41, 30 January 2013

2013-01-30T22:41:41Z

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2013-01-30T18:51:24Z

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 ==Security issues typology==
-Before one can start the estimation of the costs of crime, it is important to categorize the [[belongs to::Crime#Security issues|crime]] offences that are going to be measured
+Before one can start the estimation of the costs of crime, it is important to categorize the [[Crime#Security issues|crime]] offences that are going to be measured
 ==Estimating the number of offences committed==
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 == Related subjects ==
-* [[belongs to::Economic effects of crime|The economic effects of crime]]
+* [[Economic effects of crime|The economic effects of crime]]
 * [[Economic tools]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:58, 28 October 2013
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	One of the most important difficulties with mapping the economic effects of crime is the fact that only a fraction of all offences committed are known. Especially offences that don’t involve victims are only known if they are detected by public authorities/the police. Researchers developed several methods such as the use of assumptions, multipliers and specific statistical techniques to deal with this issue, but it remains difficult to include all effects, because one should also include effects on the change in behaviour, mental health (including production loss due to emotional damage) and the harm done to the social environment of the victim and criminal offender.		One of the most important difficulties with mapping the economic effects of crime is the fact that only a fraction of all offences committed are known. Especially offences that don’t involve victims are only known if they are detected by public authorities/the police. Researchers developed several methods such as the use of assumptions, multipliers and specific statistical techniques to deal with this issue, but it remains difficult to include all effects, because one should also include effects on the change in behaviour, mental health (including production loss due to emotional damage) and the harm done to the social environment of the victim and criminal offender.

	SEO, a Dutch economic research agency<ref name=SEO>SEO (2007): De kosten van criminaliteit [The cost of crime].~~No.~~ 971.</ref> estimated the number of criminal offences committed in the Netherlands in 2005 (see table below):		SEO, a Dutch economic research agency<ref name=SEO>SEO (2007): De kosten van criminaliteit [The cost of crime]. Publication Number: 971.</ref> estimated the number of criminal offences committed in the Netherlands in 2005 (see table below):

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 | '''Total'''|| '''11,709,174'''|| '''100%'''
 |}
-''Table: Number of offences committed in 2005 in the Netherlands (source: SEO, 2007, edited by [http://www.decisio.nl/?lang=en Decisio, 2012])''
+''Table: Number of offences committed in 2005 in the Netherlands (source: SEO, 2007, edited by Decisio, 2012])''
 Although the table above is illustrating the situation for the Netherlands, the relative ratios of the serious offences (such as manslaughter and sexual offences) versus the by far more common property crimes and vandalism are also applicable to other EU-countries.

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 One of the most important difficulties with mapping the economic effects of crime is the fact that only a fraction of all offences committed are known. Especially offences that don’t involve victims are only known if they are detected by public authorities/the police. Researchers developed several methods such as the use of assumptions, multipliers and specific statistical techniques to deal with this issue, but it remains difficult to include all effects, because one should also include effects on the change in behaviour, mental health (including production loss due to emotional damage) and the harm done to the social environment of the victim and criminal offender.
-A Dutch economic research agency<ref name=SEO>SEO (2007): De kosten van criminaliteit [The cost of crime].</ref> estimated the number of criminal offences committed in the Netherlands in 2005 (see table below):
+SEO, a Dutch economic research agency<ref name=SEO>SEO (2007): De kosten van criminaliteit [The cost of crime].No. 971.</ref> estimated the number of criminal offences committed in the Netherlands in 2005 (see table below):
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 One of the most important difficulties with mapping the economic effects of crime is the fact that only a fraction of all offences committed are known. Especially offences that don’t involve victims are only known if they are detected by public authorities/the police. Researchers developed several methods such as the use of assumptions, multipliers and specific statistical techniques to deal with this issue, but it remains difficult to include all effects, because one should also include effects on the change in behaviour, mental health (including production loss due to emotional damage) and the harm done to the social environment of the victim and criminal offender.
-A Dutch economic research agency<ref>SEO (2007). ''De kosten van criminaliteit''.</ref> estimated the number of criminal offences committed in the Netherlands in 2005 (see table below):
+A Dutch economic research agency<ref name=SEO>SEO (2007): De kosten van criminaliteit [The cost of crime].</ref> estimated the number of criminal offences committed in the Netherlands in 2005 (see table below):
 {| class="wikitable"
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 ==Estimation of the costs of criminal offences==
-"In general, the costs of crime are determined by three steps"<ref>Ibid</ref>.
+"In general, the costs of crime are determined by three steps"<ref name=SEO></ref>.
 # In the first step, the range of the research is established (perspective and time frame)
-# "The second step involves determining the various cost factors that can be distinguished"<ref>Ibid.</ref>.
+# "The second step involves determining the various cost factors that can be distinguished"<ref name=SEO>.</ref>.
-# "In the final step, the actual extent of the costs that were determined in the previous step is established"<ref>Ibid.</ref>. For this, crime victim surveys are mostly the point of departure for most cost factors<ref>Ibid</ref>.
+# "In the final step, the actual extent of the costs that were determined in the previous step is established"<ref name=SEO>.</ref>. For this, crime victim surveys are mostly the point of departure for most cost factors<ref name=SEO></ref>.
-The biggest cost factor by far are caused by harm to the victims. Costs as a result of loss of production due to theft or vandalism are as well substantial cost factors<ref>Ibid.</ref>. The table below illustrates an overview of the cost of criminal offences in the Netherlands.
+The biggest cost factor by far are caused by harm to the victims. Costs as a result of loss of production due to theft or vandalism are as well substantial cost factors<ref name=SEO></ref>. The table below illustrates an overview of the cost of criminal offences in the Netherlands.
 {| class="wikitable"

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 [[Category:Economic]]
 The estimation of the [[Economic effects of crime|impact (costs) of crime]] have received broad attention in economic literature and research, but the economic effect(s) and impact of crime on society is still an underexposed field of interest. The reason behind this is that it is very difficult to quantify the costs of, for example, the emotional and physical suffering of victims, or the quality of life that is reduced by the fear of crime. Below, we address some important methods used by economists to '''estimate the costs of crime'''.
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 * [[belongs to::Economic effects of crime|The economic effects of crime]]
 * [[Economic tools]]
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