Ecological perspective - Revision history

Florian at 09:55, 13 June 2013

2013-06-13T09:55:45Z

Florian at 12:40, 11 June 2013

2013-06-11T12:40:27Z

Florian at 09:49, 11 June 2013

2013-06-11T09:49:00Z

Florian at 09:48, 11 June 2013

2013-06-11T09:48:22Z

Florian at 23:24, 4 February 2013

2013-02-04T23:24:29Z

Florian at 18:05, 4 February 2013

2013-02-04T18:05:17Z

Florian at 18:04, 4 February 2013

2013-02-04T18:04:19Z

Florian at 18:03, 4 February 2013

2013-02-04T18:03:55Z

Albert at 00:09, 31 January 2013

2013-01-31T00:09:15Z

Albert at 16:06, 30 January 2013

2013-01-30T16:06:06Z

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 [[Category:Social]]
 [[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]
-Urban structure has an impact on social processes. The '''“ecological” perspective''' in urban sociology explores what happens in social terms as a consequence of the exposure of people to built environment.<ref>Michelson W.: Influence of Sociology on Urban Design, in: Banerjee T./Loukaitou-Sideris A.(eds.): Companion to Urban Design. London/New York: Routledge, 2011, 125-136. </ref> Ecosystems including humans living in cities and urban environments are characterised by specific interactions.
+Urban structure has an impact on social processes. The '''“ecological” perspective''' in urban sociology explores what happens in social terms as a consequence of the exposure of people to built environment.<ref>Michelson W.: Influence of Sociology on Urban Design, in: Banerjee T./Loukaitou-Sideris A.(eds.): Companion to Urban Design. London/New York: Routledge, 2011, 125-136. </ref> Ecosystems,  including humans living in cities and urban environments, are characterised by specific interactions.
 == Security related aspects and benefits ==
-*Environmental consequences from new buildings/installations etc. influence citizens’ perception, which in turn influences social behaviour and reaction to both risk and security measures.
+*Environmental consequences from, for example new buildings/installations, influence citizens’ perception that, in turn influences social behaviour and reaction to both risk and security measures.
 *This is especially challenging when planning ‘secure’ urban area and infrastructure. Secure urban design must be socially and ecologically sound.
 *[[Urban planning]] is particularly forced to consider sustainable concepts to safeguard public health by reducing health risks or technical [[risk|risks]], but also intentional risks such as crime and terrorism emerging from the built environment.
-*Further security related ecological factors resulting from built environments are climate change and weather related [[Natural threat|natural hazards]], demographic changes,  population growth, urbanisation, increasing mobility and rising propagation speed of threats. They are considered to pose major threats to society, its functioning and the built environment itself, or cause shifts in geographic scale of threats and disasters. <ref>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Emerging Risks in the 21st Century. An Agenda for Action.Paris: OECD Publication Service, 2003. Retrieved from http://www.unisdr.org/eng/library/Literature/7754.pdf [last access: 2011-01-28]; International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC): World Disasters Report  2010 - Focus on Urban Risks.  Geneva: IFRC Publication Service, 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Publications/disasters/WDR/WDR2010-full.pdf [last access: 2011-07-18].</ref>
+*Further security related ecological factors resulting from built environments are climate change and weather related [[Natural threat|natural hazards]], demographic changes,  population growth, urbanisation, increasing mobility, and rising propagation speed of threats. They are considered to pose major threats to society, its functioning and the built environment itself, or cause shifts in geographic scale of threats and disasters. <ref>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Emerging Risks in the 21st Century. An Agenda for Action.Paris: OECD Publication Service, 2003. Retrieved from http://www.unisdr.org/eng/library/Literature/7754.pdf [last access: 2011-01-28]; International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC): World Disasters Report  2010 - Focus on Urban Risks.  Geneva: IFRC Publication Service, 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Publications/disasters/WDR/WDR2010-full.pdf [last access: 2011-07-18].</ref>
 ==Approaches how to address it==

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[Category:Social]]
 [[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]
-Urban structure has an impact on social processes. The '''“ecological” perspective''' in urban sociology explores what happens in social terms as a consequence of the exposure of people to built environment.<ref>W. Michelson: Influence of sociology on urban design. In: T. Banerjee/A. Loukaitou-Sideris(eds.): Companion to Urban Design. London/New York: Routledge, 2011, pp. 125-136. </ref> Ecosystems including humans living in cities and urban environments are characterised by specific interactions.
+Urban structure has an impact on social processes. The '''“ecological” perspective''' in urban sociology explores what happens in social terms as a consequence of the exposure of people to built environment.<ref>Michelson W.: Influence of Sociology on Urban Design, in: Banerjee T./Loukaitou-Sideris A.(eds.): Companion to Urban Design. London/New York: Routledge, 2011, 125-136. </ref> Ecosystems including humans living in cities and urban environments are characterised by specific interactions.
 == Security related aspects and benefits ==
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 *This is especially challenging when planning ‘secure’ urban area and infrastructure. Secure urban design must be socially and ecologically sound.
 *[[Urban planning]] is particularly forced to consider sustainable concepts to safeguard public health by reducing health risks or technical [[risk|risks]], but also intentional risks such as crime and terrorism emerging from the built environment.
-*Further security related ecological factors resulting from built environments are climate change and weather related [[Natural threat|natural hazards]], demographic changes,  population growth, urbanisation, increasing mobility and rising propagation speed of threats. They are considered to pose major threats to society, its functioning and the built environment itself, or cause shifts in geographic scale of threats and disasters. <ref>OECD 2003: Emerging Risks in the 21st Century. An Agenda for Action. OECD Publication Service Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development: Paris. Retrieved from http://www.unisdr.org/eng/library/Literature/7754.pdf [2011-01-28].; IFRC (2010): World Disasters Report 2010. Focus on urban risks. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies: Geneva. Retrieved from: http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Publications/disasters/WDR/WDR2010-full.pdf [2011-07-18].</ref>
+*Further security related ecological factors resulting from built environments are climate change and weather related [[Natural threat|natural hazards]], demographic changes,  population growth, urbanisation, increasing mobility and rising propagation speed of threats. They are considered to pose major threats to society, its functioning and the built environment itself, or cause shifts in geographic scale of threats and disasters. <ref>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Emerging Risks in the 21st Century. An Agenda for Action.Paris: OECD Publication Service, 2003. Retrieved from http://www.unisdr.org/eng/library/Literature/7754.pdf [last access: 2011-01-28]; International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC): World Disasters Report  2010 - Focus on Urban Risks.  Geneva: IFRC Publication Service, 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Publications/disasters/WDR/WDR2010-full.pdf [last access: 2011-07-18].</ref>
 ==Approaches how to address it==

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 * [[Cultural_criminology|Cultural criminology]]
 * [[Designing out approach]]
-* [[Designing in|designing in]]
+* [[Designing in|Designing in]]
 {{references}}

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[Category:Social]]
 [[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]
-Urban structure has an impact on social processes. The '''“ecological” perspective''' in urban sociology explores what happens in social terms as a consequence of the exposure of people to built environment.<ref>W. Michelson: Influence of sociology on urban design. In: T. Banerjee/A. Loukaitou-Sideris(eds.): Companion to Urban Design. London/New York: Routledge, 2011, pp. 125-136. </ref>. Ecosystems including humans living in cities and urban environments are characterized by specific interactions.
+Urban structure has an impact on social processes. The '''“ecological” perspective''' in urban sociology explores what happens in social terms as a consequence of the exposure of people to built environment.<ref>W. Michelson: Influence of sociology on urban design. In: T. Banerjee/A. Loukaitou-Sideris(eds.): Companion to Urban Design. London/New York: Routledge, 2011, pp. 125-136. </ref> Ecosystems including humans living in cities and urban environments are characterised by specific interactions.
 == Security related aspects and benefits ==
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 *This is especially challenging when planning ‘secure’ urban area and infrastructure. Secure urban design must be socially and ecologically sound.
 *[[Urban planning]] is particularly forced to consider sustainable concepts to safeguard public health by reducing health risks or technical [[risk|risks]], but also intentional risks such as crime and terrorism emerging from the built environment.
-*Further security related ecological factors resulting from built environments are climate change and weather related [[Natural threat|natural hazards]], demographic changes,  population growth, urbanization, increasing mobility and rising propagation speed of threats. They are considered to pose major threats to society, its functioning and the built environment itself, or cause shifts in geographic scale of threats and disasters<ref>OECD 2003: Emerging Risks in the 21st Century. An Agenda for Action. OECD Publication Service Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development: Paris. Retrieved from http://www.unisdr.org/eng/library/Literature/7754.pdf [2011-01-28].; IFRC (2010): World Disasters Report 2010. Focus on urban risks. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies: Geneva. Retrieved from: http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Publications/disasters/WDR/WDR2010-full.pdf [2011-07-18].</ref>.
+*Further security related ecological factors resulting from built environments are climate change and weather related [[Natural threat|natural hazards]], demographic changes,  population growth, urbanisation, increasing mobility and rising propagation speed of threats. They are considered to pose major threats to society, its functioning and the built environment itself, or cause shifts in geographic scale of threats and disasters. <ref>OECD 2003: Emerging Risks in the 21st Century. An Agenda for Action. OECD Publication Service Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development: Paris. Retrieved from http://www.unisdr.org/eng/library/Literature/7754.pdf [2011-01-28].; IFRC (2010): World Disasters Report 2010. Focus on urban risks. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies: Geneva. Retrieved from: http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Publications/disasters/WDR/WDR2010-full.pdf [2011-07-18].</ref>
 ==Approaches how to address it==
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 ==Related subjects==
-* [[Cultural_criminology|cultural criminology]]
+* [[Cultural_criminology|Cultural criminology]]
-* [["designing out" approach]]
+* [[Designing out approach]]
-* [[designing in|designing in]]
+* [[Designing in|designing in]]
 {{references}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Category:Safety]]
 [[Category:Social]]
+[[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]
 Urban structure has an impact on social processes. The '''“ecological” perspective''' in urban sociology explores what happens in social terms as a consequence of the exposure of people to built environment.<ref>W. Michelson: Influence of sociology on urban design. In: T. Banerjee/A. Loukaitou-Sideris(eds.): Companion to Urban Design. London/New York: Routledge, 2011, pp. 125-136. </ref>. Ecosystems including humans living in cities and urban environments are characterized by specific interactions.