Comprehensive approach - Revision history

Olav: /* Conceptual background */

2013-08-20T09:01:51Z

Conceptual background

Olav: /* Conceptual background */

2013-08-15T16:15:38Z

Conceptual background

Albert at 14:49, 14 August 2013

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Florian at 14:32, 13 June 2013

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Florian at 14:32, 13 June 2013

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Florian at 14:29, 13 June 2013

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Florian at 17:45, 4 February 2013

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Florian at 17:44, 4 February 2013

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Albert at 16:22, 30 January 2013

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 == Conceptual background==
-In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the risk reduction approach<ref>Cf. Hope T., Shaw T. M.: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, [[crime control]] was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>Matthews R., Pitts J.: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?, in: Matthews R., Pitts J. (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, 1-25, (4).</ref>
+In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the risk reduction approach<ref>Cf. Hope T., Shaw T. M.: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, crime control was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>Matthews R., Pitts J.: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?, in: Matthews R., Pitts J. (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, 1-25, (4).</ref>
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 == Conceptual background==
-In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the [[risk reduction]] approach<ref>Cf. Hope T., Shaw T. M.: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, [[crime control]] was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>Matthews R., Pitts J.: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?, in: Matthews R., Pitts J. (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, 1-25, (4).</ref>
+In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the risk reduction approach<ref>Cf. Hope T., Shaw T. M.: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, [[crime control]] was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>Matthews R., Pitts J.: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?, in: Matthews R., Pitts J. (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, 1-25, (4).</ref>
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 A ''comprehensive approach'' to [[urban planning]] reflects the fact that in urban systems all phases of the [[Crisis management cycle|crisis management cycle]] may be experienced simultaneously in different parts of the city.
-While a part of the city may be struck by an incident (such as a natural disaster or terrorist attack), other parts may be under warning, evacuation, or even in an immediate post-disaster phase with restoration (e.g. of supply-related infrastructure) beginning. Still other parts of a city may be in the role of observers and drawing immediate lessons for risk assessment, mitigation, prevention, and preparedness (see [[crisis management cycle]]). An ideal tool would consider this non-linearity. Adding to this non-linearity, an ideal approach to consideration of security aspects in urban planning should also reflect that resilience in cities should be grounded in a holistic view of sustainability. Research has proposed to consider the following five interconnected functional components: social, economic, political, demographic, and environmental.<ref>Pelling M.: The Vulnerability of Cities: Natural Disasters and Social Resilience. London: Sterling, VA: Earthscan, 2003, 12.</ref> Several [[state of the art technologies to integrate security information]] are available in order to facilitate comprehensive information of urban planners on security aspects.
+While a part of the city may be struck by an incident (such as a natural disaster or terrorist attack), other parts may be under warning, evacuation, or even in an immediate post-disaster phase with restoration (e.g. of supply-related infrastructure) beginning. Still other parts of a city may be in the role of observers and drawing immediate lessons for risk assessment, mitigation, prevention, and preparedness (see [[crisis management cycle]]). An ideal tool would consider this non-linearity. Adding to this non-linearity, an ideal approach to consideration of security aspects in urban planning should also reflect that resilience in cities should be grounded in a holistic view of sustainability. Research has proposed to consider the following five interconnected functional components: social, economic, political, demographic, and environmental.<ref>Pelling M.: The Vulnerability of Cities: Natural Disasters and Social Resilience. London: Sterling, VA: Earthscan, 2003, 12.</ref>
 == Conceptual background==

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 == Conceptual background==
-In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the [[risk reduction]] approach<ref>Cf. Hope T., Shaw T. M.: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, [[crime control]] was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>Matthews R., Pitts J.: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?, in: R. Matthews R., Pitts J. (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, 1-25, (4).</ref>
+In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the [[risk reduction]] approach<ref>Cf. Hope T., Shaw T. M.: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, [[crime control]] was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>Matthews R., Pitts J.: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?, in: Matthews R., Pitts J. (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, 1-25, (4).</ref>
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 [[Category:Social]]
 [[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]
-A '''comprehensive approach''' in general seeks to address the range of threats by the full spectrum of instruments in order to realise [[security]] from a broad point of view, such as objective security, feeling of security, secure and resilient [[critical infrastructure | infrastructure]], security of the society as a whole, etc.<ref>Cf. FOCUS Project(Foresight Security Scenarios – Mapping Research to a Comprehensive Approach to Exogenous EU Roles): Deliverable 3.1: ''Problem space report - Comprehensive approach'', September 2011, http://www.focusproject.eu/documents/14976/188ea921-b11f-44fc-a853-cc3dfc8d57f0; FOCUS project deliverable 3.2: Alternative future models of comprehensiveness, January 2012, http://www.focusproject.eu/documents/14976/e3fe4a14-e7f6-4a98-9e66-70d5f1e4a028.</ref> The ''comprehensive approach'' as a concept can refer to several dimensions: planning, capability development, security policy and research, in a variety of sectors (transport, energy, food, health care etc.); and is an essential issue to be addressed in emergency management and in each phase of the [[crisis management cycle]].
+A '''comprehensive approach''' in general seeks to address the range of threats by the full spectrum of instruments in order to realise [[security]] from a broad point of view, such as objective security, feeling of security, secure and resilient [[critical infrastructure | infrastructure]], security of the society as a whole, etc.<ref>Cf. FOCUS Project(Foresight Security Scenarios – Mapping Research to a Comprehensive Approach to Exogenous EU Roles): Deliverable 3.1: ''Problem space report - Comprehensive approach'', September 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.focusproject.eu/documents/14976/188ea921-b11f-44fc-a853-cc3dfc8d57f0; FOCUS Project (Foresight Security Scenarios – Mapping Research to a Comprehensive Approach to Exogenous EU Roles): Deliverable 3.2: Alternative future models of comprehensiveness, January 2012. Retrieved from: http://www.focusproject.eu/documents/14976/e3fe4a14-e7f6-4a98-9e66-70d5f1e4a028.</ref> The ''comprehensive approach'' as a concept can refer to several dimensions: planning, capability development, security policy and research, in a variety of sectors (transport, energy, food, health care etc.); and is an essential issue to be addressed in emergency management and in each phase of the [[crisis management cycle]].
 == Comprehensive approach to urban planning ==
 A ''comprehensive approach'' to [[urban planning]] reflects the fact that in urban systems all phases of the [[Crisis management cycle|crisis management cycle]] may be experienced simultaneously in different parts of the city.
-While a part of the city may be struck by an incident (such as a natural disaster or terrorist attack), other parts may be under warning, evacuation, or even in an immediate post-disaster phase with restoration (e.g. of supply-related infrastructure) beginning. Still other parts of a city may be in the role of observers and drawing immediate lessons for risk assessment, mitigation, prevention, and preparedness (see [[crisis management cycle]]). An ideal tool would consider this non-linearity. Adding to this non-linearity, an ideal approach to consideration of security aspects in urban planning should also reflect that resilience in cities should be grounded in a holistic view of sustainability. Research has proposed to consider the following five interconnected functional components: social, economic, political, demographic, and environmental.<ref>M. Pelling: The Vulnerability of Cities: Natural Disasters and Social Resilience. London: Sterling, VA: Earthscan, 2003, p. 12.</ref> Several [[state of the art technologies to integrate security information]] are available in order to facilitate comprehensive information of urban planners on security aspects.
+While a part of the city may be struck by an incident (such as a natural disaster or terrorist attack), other parts may be under warning, evacuation, or even in an immediate post-disaster phase with restoration (e.g. of supply-related infrastructure) beginning. Still other parts of a city may be in the role of observers and drawing immediate lessons for risk assessment, mitigation, prevention, and preparedness (see [[crisis management cycle]]). An ideal tool would consider this non-linearity. Adding to this non-linearity, an ideal approach to consideration of security aspects in urban planning should also reflect that resilience in cities should be grounded in a holistic view of sustainability. Research has proposed to consider the following five interconnected functional components: social, economic, political, demographic, and environmental.<ref>Pelling M.: The Vulnerability of Cities: Natural Disasters and Social Resilience. London: Sterling, VA: Earthscan, 2003, 12.</ref> Several [[state of the art technologies to integrate security information]] are available in order to facilitate comprehensive information of urban planners on security aspects.
 == Conceptual background==
-In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the [[risk reduction]] approach<ref>Cf. T. Hope/T. M. Shaw: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, [[crime control]] was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>R. Matthews/J. Pitts: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?. In: R. Matthews/J. Pitts (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, pp. 1-25 (p. 4). </ref>.
+In terms of concept, the ''comprehensive approach'' is a reaction to acknowledged limits of the [[risk reduction]] approach<ref>Cf. Hope T., Shaw T. M.: Communities and Crime Reduction. London: HMSO, 1988.</ref>: By the mid-1990ies, risk reduction was found not to meet public safety needs in risk-prone areas. The solution was sought in a "''comprehensive approach''" that at the same time would retain the local focus of the [[community safety]] approach. As a result, [[crime control]] was connected to the general idea of maintaining a normatively good order in a society, reaching from criminal up to environmental issues, and at the same time the concept of devolution of responsibility for enacting such a "comprehensive community safety strategy"<ref>Matthews R., Pitts J.: Introduction: Beyond Criminology?, in: R. Matthews R., Pitts J. (eds.): Crime, Disorder and Community Safety: A New Agenda? London/New York: Routledge, 2001, 1-25, (4).</ref>
 {{references}}

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 [[Category:Safety]]
 [[Category:Social]]
 [[File:ae.png|25px|right|This is a page providing background in a specific field of expertise]]
 A '''comprehensive approach''' in general seeks to address the range of threats by the full spectrum of instruments in order to realize [[security]] from a broad point of view, such as objective security, feeling of security, secure and resilient [[infrastructure]], security of the society as a whole, etc.<ref>Cf. FOCUS project deliverable 3.1: Problem space report - Comprehensive approach, September 2011, http://www.focusproject.eu/documents/14976/188ea921-b11f-44fc-a853-cc3dfc8d57f0; FOCUS project deliverable 3.2: Alternative future models of comprehensiveness, January 2012, http://www.focusproject.eu/documents/14976/e3fe4a14-e7f6-4a98-9e66-70d5f1e4a028.</ref> The ''comprehensive approach'' as a concept can refer to several dimensions: planning, capability development, security policy and research, in a variety of sectors (transport, energy, food, health care etc.); and is an essential issue to be addressed in emergency management and in each phase of the [[crisis management cycle]].
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 {{references}}
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